Februari 16, 2026 03:50

Jejak Pendaki dan Puncak Keimanan
April 1, 2024

Penulis :

Moh. Syaiful Huda, S.Pd.
Unit/jenjang SMAIT

Sejarah Singkat Pendakian

Mendaki adalah aktivitas menaiki gunung untuk mencapai puncak atau titik tertinggi gunung. Berdasarkan sejarahnya mendaki adalah aktivitas pendidikan yang dilakukan untuk mengukur ketinggian gunung. Awal mulanya pendakian terjadi pada abad ke-14 atas perintah Charless VII kepada Antoine de Ville di Mont Aiguille, Prancis. Tim pendakian Antoine berharap pendakianya di Mont Aiguille bisa mempertemukannya juga dengan Dewa di puncak. Namun, mereka hanya menemukan hamparan padang rumput yang luas. Sejak saat itu kegiatan pendakian mulai banyak dilakukan, para ilmuan dan akademisi berlomba mengukur ketinggian gunung di berbagai tempat.
Pendakian pertama kali itu kemudian menyebar ke seluruh penjuru eropa. Masyarakat eropa pun sudah mengenal istilah pendakian pada abad ke-14 masehi. Aktivitas pendakian dikenalkan oleh para aktivis akademik dan olahragawan di Indonesia pada pertengahan abad ke-17 yang mengatakan bahwa ada puncak bersalju di Irian, Papua. Namun aktivitas pendakian tidak banyak diminati oleh masyarakat Indonesia kala itu. Pendakian di Indonesia mulai dikenal pada abad ke-19 yang dilakukan oleh Kelompok pecinta alam di Indonesia.

Lahirnya Kelompok Pecinta Alam di Indonesia

Kelompok pecinta alam di Indonesia dibentuk oleh mahasiswa dari Mapala UI di Jakarta dan Wanadri di Bandung. Pada tahun 1971, Mapala UI berhasil mencapai puncak Jaya Wijaya di Irian. Namun, kelompok pecinta alam Wanadri yang melakukan pendakian di India gagal mencapai Puncak Vasuki, India. Pada tahun 1987 terjadi peristiwa kelam dalam dunia pendakian, empat anggota dari ekspedisi Aranyacala meninggal dunia saat melakukan pendakian di Puncak Jaya Wijaya. Kabar duka ini menjadi tragedi kelam yang mendewasakan pendaki di Indonesia.

Peran Film “5 cm” 

Aktivitas pendakian di Indonesia memasuki tahun 2000-an masih tergolong sebagai wisata minat khusus. Pendakian gunung hanya dilakukan oleh masyarakat yang berada dalam taraf ekonomi menengah ke atas. Masyarakat dengan kualitas ekonomi tersebut menjadikan pendakian sebagai cara menikmati kehidupan, memahami lebih dalam tentang arti kehidupan, dan jalan untuk mengenal diri sendiri atau mencari jati diri. Tren pendakian mulai bergeser sejak rilisnya film “5 cm” yang penayangannya tembus juataan penonton. Film tersebut memengaruhi cara pandang penontonnya terhadap kegiatan pendakian di Indonesia. Berawal dari film “5 cm” kegiatan pendakian kian ramai di berbagai daerah.
Wisata alam gunung kian ramai dikalangan wisatawan dari berbagai latar belakang yang berbeda. Selain dari kalangan akademisi, wisatawan khusus, dan atlet, banyak pendaki pemula yang berbondong-bondong melakukan pendakian di gunung daerah mereka. Pada sebuah riset menyebutkan bahwa wisatawan pendaki gunung mencapai 170.000 wisatawan pada tahun 2020. Menjadi awal pergeseran dunia pendakian di Indonesia, sebelum akhirnya terjadi pandemi Covid-19, dan ditutupnya berbagai akses pendakian di gunung-gunung Indonesia.

Cerita Kelam Pegunungan

Seiring meningkatnya tren mendaki gunung, tidak sedikit pula peristiwa duka yang dialami oleh para pendaki karena kelalaian dan kurangnya pengetahuan yang dimiliki. Jalan terjal dan berliku, jalur licin dan rindang belukar, lereng curam dan menanjak, serta peralatan yang terbatas menanti perjalanan pendaki gunung. Perubahan cuaca dan ketidakpastian medan yang dilalui, juga menjadi faktor utama gugurnya para pendaki. Namun, tragedi-tragedi kelam tersebut menjadi resiko yang pasti akan mereka hadapi, sehingga bisa menjadi pelajaran berharga bagi para pendaki gunung.

Setelah Pandemi Berakhir
Jalur pendakian kembali dibuka setelah pandemi Covid-19 di Indonesia berakhir, aktivitas pendakian meningkat pesat. Banyak komunitas pecinta alam yang sempat “berpuasa” melakukan pendakian kini kembali aktif, tidak hanya komunitas lama, banyak pendaki pemula kini juga memulai perjanalannya menuju puncak. Kegiatan pendakian bagi pecinta alam adalah aktivitas yang sangat menyenangkan. Perjalanan menuju puncak menjadi tantangan yang harus ditaklukkan. Tren pendakian yang mulanya hanya sebagai kegiatan akademis dan atlet, kini bergeser menjadi wisata massal yang banyak digemari masyarakat. 

Memaknai Pendakian sebagai Puncak Keimanan
Memaknai alam pegunungan sebagai rahmat dan kebesaran Tuhan Yang Maha Esa yang harus disyukuri keberadaannya. Bagi sebagian orang, pendakian adalah cara untuk meyakinkan dirinya bahwa Allah Swt. telah menciptakan alam semesta ini sebagai tanda-tanda ke Esaan-Nya. Firman Allah Swt. dalam Q.S Al A’raf: 171, yaitu: “Dan (ingatlah) ketika Kami mengangkat gunung ke atas mereka, sekan-akan gunung itu naungan awan dan mereka yakin bahwa (gunung) itu akan jatuh menimpa mereka. (Dan Kami firmankan kepada mereka), “peganglah dengan teguh apa yang telah kami berikan kepadamu, serta ingatlah selalu (amalkan) apa yang tersebut di dalamnya agar kamu menjadi orang-orang bertakwa.”
Pada ayat lain Allah Swt. berfirman “Dan bukankan Kami telah pancangkan gunung-gunung sebagai pasak supaya bumi tidak berguncang sehingga menusia dapat hidup tenang di atasnya?”. Berdasarkan beberapa firman Allah Swt. tersebut, kiranya dapat menjadi bertambahknya iman kita saat menjelajahi alam ciptaan-Nya. Pendakian menjadi bermakna, karena setiap tantangan selama perjalanan menuju puncak, disetiap langkah kita selalu bertasbih, memuji kebesaran-Nya, dan selalu bershalawat kepada Nabi Muhammad Saw. Sebab peran beliau lah, kita mengenal Islam dan mengimani Allah Swt. Atas dasar keimanan itulah, setiap langkah yang kita pilih, setiap jejak yang kita lewati, dan setiap tantangan yang berhasil kita taklukkan menjadi bernilai ibadah di sisi Allah Swt.

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